Tin tức
Hướng dẫn cách trồng và chăm sóc cây bóng mát
Đối với những ngôi nhà có sân vườn rộng, việc trồng cây bóng mát không chỉ giúp cho bạn có 1 khoảng không gian mát mẻ để tận hưởng không gian xanh mà còn giúp bạn cảm thiện không khí. Tùy vào việc chọn giống cây có thể sẽ mang lại những ý nghĩa tốt về phong thủy cho gia đình bạn, ngoài ra bạn cũng có thể chọn những cây ăn quả có tán lá lớn. Sau khi chọn lựa cây bóng mát phù hợp, bạn cũng nên tìm hiểu về cách trồng và chăm sóc chúng đúng cách, xem khoảng thời gian nào là tốt nhất để trồng cây, trước khi trồng cần chuẩn bị những gì, trồng xong thì nên chăm sóc thế nào để câu phát triển tốt? Trong bài viết này chúng tôi sẽ hướng dẫn bạn chi tiết từng bước để có thể trồng cây bóng mát mà không bị ảnh hưởng trong quá trình di chuyển và cách chăm sóc chúng sau đó !
Tiến hành trồng cây bóng mát theo các bước sau:
– Bước 1: Làm vệ sinh mặt bằng sạch sẽ, cắt và diệt cỏ dại, chuẩn bị các vật dụng gọn gàng trước khi bắt đầu trồng.
– Bước 2: Sau khi dùng cuốc xới bỏ cỏ dại xung quanh và tiến hành đào hố trồng. Hố trồng to hơn so với bầu cây bóng mát có thể.
Tùy cỡ bầu đất mà đào hố có kích thước phù hợp. Với kinh nghiệm thi công cảnh quan của Quang Cảnh Xanh, bạn nên đào hố rộng hơn bầu đất 20-30 cm, ví dụ bầu: 60cmx60cmx60cm thì đào hố 80cm x 80cm x 80cm hoặc rộng hơn chút đảm bảo đặt cây xuống nhẹ ràng, không động gốc rễ..
– Bước 3: Nhẹ nhàng đặt gốc cây vào hố, nếu cây gốc lớn thì nên dùng xe cẩu chuyên dụng để hỗ trợ. Trước khi trồng cây phải tháo bỏ bịch nhựa, túi nhựa hoặc vải bọc bầu gốc cây, đặt bầu cây vào chính giữa hố đảm bảo cây trồng thẳng đứng, đặt cây sao cho cổ rễ ngang mặt đất là vừa, lưu ý không nên trồng quá sâu hoặc quá cạn. Lưu ý không làm bầu cây bị bể, rễ cây tung ra không bám đất.
– Bước 4: Phần trống giữa hố lớn và bầu cây, ta bón lót bằng phân hữu cơ – cho đất đã trộn phân hữu cơ vào hố, lấp đất đến quá nữa hố rồi nén đất cho chặt và tưới đẩm. Đất hữu cơ trồng cây gồm đất trộn xơ dừa, tro trấu, rơm mục, phân bò… đã được ủ oai và mục nát.
Lưu ý đối với những cây bóng mát lớn phải đảm bảo đất nén thật chặt tưới nước đều quang bầu cây để cây không bị nghiêng và cung cấp đủ dưỡng chất cho cây. Bạn nên nén chặt gốc cây từ từ xen kẻ với thao tác lấp đất.
Bước 5: Chống cọc để giữ cây đứng thẳng tránh đổ ngã. Dùng 3 cây chống sau khi trồng để cây trồng luôn được thẳng đứng không bị đổ. Chọn các cây chống có thân thẳng chiều dài từ 2m trở lên hoặc cũng tuỳ theo chiều cao cây bóng mát vừa trồng. Ta nên buộc cây chống nghiêng khoảng 2/3 chiều cao thân cây là vừa.
Chăm sóc và bảo dưỡng cây bóng mát sau khi trồng:
Tưới nước cây bóng mát trong sân vườn:
Sau khi trồng phải tiến hành tưới đều để duy trì độ ẩm cho cây, ướt đẩm đất xung quanh gốc cây 1-2 lần/ngày, bạn nên duy trì thói quen tưới cây vào sáng sớm cũng như chiều mát, nên tưới từ gốc đến ngọn để cây luôn được xanh tốt, giữ cho cây tươi mát.
Không nên tưới nước cho cây bóng mát và chăm sóc cây bóng mát vào những lúc nắng gắt để tránh tình trạng cây bị chết do ảnh hưởng của tia cực tím. Sau đó tuỳ theo thời tiết, nếu mưa liên tục thì khỏi tưới, nếu nắng thì phải tưới cây hàng ngày, đảm bảo cây luôn được xanh tốt. Ngoài ra tùy thời tiết trong năm sẽ điều chỉnh lượng tưới và cường độ tưới cây.
Bón phân cho cây bóng mát:
Cây bóng mát cần có một lượng phân lớn hơn để nuôi dưỡng cây tốt nhất. Có 2 loại phân quan trọng trong kỹ thuật chăm sóc cây bóng mát bạn nên lưu ý là phân hữu cơ và phân NPK.
– Bón phân hữu cơ cho cây bóng mát thì chỉ nên tiến hành 3 lần trong một năm là đảm bảo đủ chất dinh dưỡng cho cây.
– Bón phân NPK thì định kỳ 2 – 3 tháng/lần, lượng bón cho mỗi cây tuỳ loại cây lớn nhỏ như sau: từ 50 – 100g/gốc.
Để cây bóng mát hấp thụ đầy đủ chất dinh dưỡng trong quá trình bón phân thì xới nhẹ mặt đất xung quanh gốc và làm sạch cỏ để cây, rãi đều lượng phân cần bón xung quanh gốc theo rãnh xới. Tránh không được bón phân vào quá gần gốc làm chết cây.
Sửa tán cây, cắt tỉa cành nhánh, tẻ cành:
Thời điểm cây vừa trồng xong còn rất yếu nên phải được chăm sóc, diệt sâu bọ, cắt tỉa, bón phân kích thích ra dễ, làm cỏ dại thường xuyên theo định kỳ mỗi tháng.
Dùng kéo (hoặc cưa) cắt tỉa những cành hoặc chồi mọc không thích hợp hay những chồi non quá nhiều. Tuỳ từng loại cây, từng loại cảnh cụ thể mà cắt sửa theo yêu cầu kỹ thuật, yêu cầu mỹ quan riêng.
Chống sửa cây bóng mát nếu cây bị nghiêng hoặc trước mùa mưa, gió nên có kế hoạch te nhánh. Nên chặt bỏ những nhánh cây vướng lối đi, lấn tán sang nhà hàng xóm hoặc tán lớn bao trùm lên mái nhà,…
Quét dọn vệ sinh quanh gốc cây, có thể trồng hoa hoặc cây cỏ phù hợp dưới gốc cây bóng mát để tạo cảnh quan sân vườn mềm mại hoặc trồng hoa theo mùa để tô điểm khu vườn vào dịp cuối năm.
Vì là cây bóng mát nên có tán và cành rất rộng. Nếu bạn không tiến hành cắt tỉa cũng như sửa cành thì sân vườn nhà bạn sẽ biến thành một khu rừng rậm nhanh thôi.
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